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CHAPTER 7
DESIGNING INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES
It is a high level approach of how we are going to teach a subject.

SEQUENCING and CHUNKING INSTRUCTION
Sequencing;
Use your instructional analysis to order instruction
İdentical goal steps don’t have to be taught twice.
Chunking Strategies;
Use with complexity learning

Instructional Strategy has 5 steps;

1.PRE-INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES
Motivate learners
ARCS model
ATTENTION
RELEVANCE
CONFIDENCE
SATISFACTION

2.INFORMATION and EXAMPLES
Determine what information concepts rules and principles need to be presented.
Commomn error ;giving too much information
Determine type and number of examples to be used.

3.LEARNER PARTICIPATION
Utilize plenty of practice and feedback

4.TESTING
Test in authentic situations

5.FOLLOW –THROUGH ACTIVITIES
Enrichment and remediation materials
Memory and transfer strategies
Transfer of Learning

Utilize general instructional strategies:
9 events of instruction

Utilize spesific ınstructioanl strategies
A.INTELLECTUAL INFORMATION
B.VERBAL INFORMATION
C.MOTOR SKILLS
D.ATTITUTED

FOR A. INTELLECTUAL SKILLS;
Provide links from new existing info
Recall the hierarchical natüre of the skills
Focus on relevant and non relevant characteristics.
Use familiarexamples  and non examples
Deliver consequebce of practice to match the performance objective

FOR B. VERBAL INFORMATION;
Provide links from new to existing info
Provide ways of organising new info
Provide context for staring and using information
Include detailed elaborations of content.
Provide anologies or ask to imagine
Ask learners to provide examples for their own experiences.
Provide information in subsets (items in the subsets and among different subsets)
Provide outlines and tables that summaries ,etc..

FOR C. MOTOR SKILLS
Include a visual presentation
Group similar skill clusters
Practice and feedback
Job aids,Test under transfer conditions.

FOR D. ATTITUDES
It consists of;
Feelings,behaviours and cognitive undertsanding.
Instruction should be delivered by someone or somethimg that is respected by the learner.
This model should;
Display the designed behaviour and/or indicate the approprite attitude.
Decide if group or individual teaching is best,consider if you are creating an attitude or reshaping a negative attitude.
Consider if the audience are volunteer,are they satisfied with themselves,are attitudes cared about?
Use mental simulations
Use story simulations
Test with questionnaires with hypothetical situations and questions.


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