CHAPTER 7
DESIGNING
INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES
It is a high level approach of how we are going to teach a
subject.
SEQUENCING and CHUNKING INSTRUCTION
Sequencing;
Use your instructional analysis to order instruction
İdentical goal steps don’t have to be taught twice.
Chunking Strategies;
Use with complexity learning
Instructional Strategy has 5 steps;
1.PRE-INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES
Motivate learners
ARCS model
ATTENTION
RELEVANCE
CONFIDENCE
SATISFACTION
2.INFORMATION and EXAMPLES
Determine what information concepts rules and principles
need to be presented.
Commomn error ;giving too much information
Determine type and number of examples to be used.
3.LEARNER PARTICIPATION
Utilize plenty of practice and feedback
4.TESTING
Test in authentic situations
5.FOLLOW –THROUGH ACTIVITIES
Enrichment and remediation materials
Memory and transfer strategies
Transfer of Learning
Utilize general instructional strategies:
9 events of instruction
Utilize spesific ınstructioanl strategies
A.INTELLECTUAL INFORMATION
B.VERBAL INFORMATION
C.MOTOR SKILLS
D.ATTITUTED
FOR A. INTELLECTUAL SKILLS;
Provide links from new
existing info
Recall the hierarchical
natüre of the skills
Focus on relevant and non
relevant characteristics.
Use familiarexamples and non examples
Deliver consequebce of
practice to match the performance objective
FOR B. VERBAL INFORMATION;
Provide links from new to
existing info
Provide ways of organising
new info
Provide context for staring
and using information
Include detailed elaborations
of content.
Provide anologies or ask to
imagine
Ask learners to provide
examples for their own experiences.
Provide information in
subsets (items in the subsets and among different subsets)
Provide outlines and tables
that summaries ,etc..
FOR C. MOTOR SKILLS
Include a visual presentation
Group similar skill clusters
Practice and feedback
Job aids,Test under transfer
conditions.
FOR D. ATTITUDES
It consists of;
Feelings,behaviours and
cognitive undertsanding.
Instruction should be
delivered by someone or somethimg that is respected by the learner.
This model should;
Display the designed
behaviour and/or indicate the approprite attitude.
Decide if group or individual
teaching is best,consider if you are creating an attitude or reshaping a
negative attitude.
Consider if the audience are
volunteer,are they satisfied with themselves,are attitudes cared about?
Use mental simulations
Use story simulations
Test with questionnaires with
hypothetical situations and questions.
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